Details of the Buddha Statues in the Chongfu Temple Hall of Amitabha

The Hall of Amitabha at Chongfu Temple, a sacred hall frozen in the Jin Dynasty. Seven Jin Dynasty statues within the hall (one Buddha, two Bodhisattvas, and four attendants) narrate the splendor of Liao and Jin Buddhist art with their majestic presence and delicate charm. --- The Three Sages of the West: The ultimate expression of Jin Dynasty aesthetics Amitabha Buddha (Center) The principal statue, Amitabha Buddha, sits in the lotus position, his downcast eyes revealing a divine compassion for all beings. The cascading folds of his robe resemble flowing water, and the gilded ornamentation, though aged, still hints at its former brilliance, showcasing the Jin Dynasty's ultimate pursuit of "depicting the spirit through form." Guanyin Bodhisattva (East) Guanyin, crowned with a diadem featuring a transformed Buddha, has flowing robes draped around her arms. Unlike the delicate beauty of the Ming and Qing dynasties, the characteristically bold lines of the Jin Dynasty imbue her with a sense of solemnity. Her slightly pursed lips seem poised to pronounce profound teachings for all beings. Mahasthamaprapta Bodhisattva (West) Mahasthamaprapta Bodhisattva, who illuminates all beings with the light of wisdom, has robe sleeves with folds as strong and powerful as stone carvings. His expression is both solemn and serene. --- The Four Attendant Bodhisattvas: Sacred rhythm in motion The four attendant Bodhisattvas on either side are posed as if taking small steps on lotus flowers. Although standing statues, they are full of movement: - Their robes appear to be ruffled by the north wind of the Saibei region, and the layered silk ribbons are carved with a three-dimensional effect using bas-relief techniques. - Their faces are round and full, with strong jawlines, typical of the "Northern face" aesthetic of the Jin Dynasty. - Subtle variations in their facial expressions give each statue a unique personality. Particularly striking is the natural "S-shaped" curve of the Bodhisattvas' waists, more subtle than Tang Dynasty statues and more robust than those of the Song Dynasty. This is a "textbook" example of Jin Dynasty sculpture!