Nanjing Lishui Wuxiang Mountain

Nanjing Wuxiang Mountain National Forest Park is located in a hilly area, and is part of the Ningzhen Hills. The park is characterized by its developed faults, obvious differential uplift and subsidence of fault blocks, and widespread volcanic rocks. Due to the faulting in the late Yanshanian movement of the Mesozoic era, the northwest wing of the Piaoshang anticline subsided, forming a landscape dominated by low hills. The average altitude is about 100 meters, and there are more than ten peaks, including Wuxiang Mountain, Ping'an Mountain, Dinggong Mountain, Shitou Mountain, Baihu Mountain, Qiuhu Mountain, and Mantou Mountain. Wuxiang Mountain is the highest peak, with an altitude of 209.5 meters. There are three cliff inscriptions in Nanjing Wuxiang Mountain National Forest Park, which are arranged in a tripod shape. The left side is inscribed with the two characters "Fengquan" (Phoenix Spring) in horizontal script, which was written by Wang Congshan, the magistrate of Lishui County in the Ming Dynasty. To the southwest of this inscription, there is another stone standing about one meter high, with the two characters "Danding" (Cinnabar Tripod) engraved vertically on it. To the southeast of the waterfall, there is a stone about the height of a person, with the inscription "Hanzunming" (Inscription of the Sweat Respect) and a text of 29 characters. Han Xizai, a politician of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, was not successful in politics, so he turned to nature for solace. On one occasion, he went to Lishui for a trip, and saw a mountain with beautiful scenery at Honglanbu, so he bought land in the mountain and built a platform to live in seclusion and read. Han Xizai thought of the Buddhist concept of "no-self," so he renamed the mountain "Wuxiang Mountain" and the ancient temple "Wuxiang Temple." Zhou Bangyan, a famous poet of the Northern Song Dynasty, served as the magistrate of Lishui County and visited this mountain many times. He wrote a poem titled "Mantingfang: Written in Summer at Wuxiang Mountain, Lishui," which describes the beautiful scenery of the mountain.