The eight ancient towns of Jiangnan are crisscrossed by waterways. In ancient times, boats were the primary mode of transportation, so most houses were built along the water. However, only Wuzhen refers to houses built on the riverbanks as "water pavilions."
This is because only Wuzhen's riverside houses are half built on the bank and half in the water.
Land in Wuzhen is precious, while the waterways are wide. Many families had to dredge as much river mud as possible to the banks, then use stone slabs to stabilize the banks and prevent erosion. The people of Jiangnan call this "stone revetment." Stone piles were then driven into the riverbed, and stone slabs or planks were laid on top, with the other end resting on the bank, forming the foundation for the houses.
This is how water pavilions were built. The houses are mostly constructed of lightweight materials such as wood. The second floor is generally low and used for living quarters, while the front of the ground floor is often used as shops or workshops, and the section facing the river is the kitchen or dining area.
Now, the scenic area has been carefully planned and designed; the second floor is mostly used as guesthouses, while the ground floor is generally used for restaurants, tea houses, and shops.
This is also why the night view of Wuzhen is so beautiful, because the lights are right in the middle of the river, making the reflections closer and brighter.